Quantum science is dedicated to harnessing quantum phenomena at scale—to make them genuinely useful for science and technology. We share that drive, and we pursue a specific direction inspired by a lesson from classical systems: impactful technologies are never monolithic. From a computer motherboard to the Large Hadron Collider, performance comes from heterogeneous subsystems tightly interfaced by moving information across physical modules. Yet today, the “quantumness” of even the most advanced processors remains sealed inside vacuum and cryogenic enclosures—qubits exquisitely controlled, but fundamentally stationary. The next decisive leap will come from endowing quantum processors with genuinely quantum inputs and outputs: entanglement that can be generated on demand, routed with intent, and shared across distance and hardware boundaries.
Our lab is dedicated to building entanglement factories—quantum systems that simultaneously perform high-fidelity local processing and generate, distribute, and receive entanglement through quantum input/output channels. We pursue this vision across two regimes: short-distance entanglement factories that interconnect heterogeneous modules within a machine, combining complementary quantum hardware into unified processors whose capabilities exceed any single platform; and long-distance entanglement factories that deliver deployable entanglement over kilometer-scale fiber links, transforming networked sensors and remote quantum nodes into a new class of scientific instrument—with reach into distributed quantum computing, long-baseline interferometry, and searches for signatures of dark matter and gravity.
Our experimental efforts
In our group we work with multiple qubit platforms because the central challenge is getting fundamentally different quantum systems to talk to each other. Some of the systems we are working on right now are trapped neutral atoms, superconducting circuits and nanophotonics. In the past we have also worked on Silicon vacancy (SiV) defects in diamond nanophotonic cavities.
Thrust 1: “quantum motherboard.” We build architectures that link superconducting circuits and neutral-atom arrays inside a cryogenic environment, combining ultrafast control and measurement with long-lived, programmable memory.
Thrust 2: Long-distance entanglement factories. We develop nanophotonic interfaces to neutral-atom arrays that generate atom–photon entanglement directly in the visible and telecom band for distribution through deployed fiber networks, with robust atomic nodes for local storage and processing.
Quantum motherboard: superconducting circuits + neutral atoms
We integrate superconducting (transmon) processors with neutral-atom arrays via mmWave interconnects, aiming for modular quantum machines that combine fast feedforward and measurement with long-lived, reconfigurable memory. The atoms provide seconds-long coherence and reconfigurable connectivity, while the transmons supply sub-microsecond-scale gate speeds and rapid readout—together forming a hybrid platform that surpasses either system alone.
Visible and telecom atom–photon interfaces with nanophotonic cavities
We develop nanophotonic cavity–array interfaces that generate high-rate atom–photon entanglement, linking visible atomic photons to the telecom band for scalable, low-loss entanglement distribution over fiber, while the atoms serve as robust local quantum nodes for sensing and computation.
Tools
Entanglement (as a routable resource)
Over the past century, entanglement has evolved from a conceptual paradox into a practical resource for quantum science and technology. In our work, entanglement is not only something to create and observe—it is something to generate on demand, route with intent, and share across distance and hardware boundaries, turning nonclassical correlations into an operational capability rather than a strictly local phenomenon.
Flying qubits (photons across bands)
Scaling quantum interconnects requires flying qubits that carry quantum information between modules and across networks. Photons are the workhorse flying qubits, and we operate across regimes—from microwave (1–10 GHz) and mmWave (30–150 GHz, higher-frequency microwave photons) to optical (384 THz) and telecom (222 THz). Telecom photons are particularly robust for fiber links, traveling ~15 km at room temperature before losing half their intensity, compared with ~700 m for many optical wavelengths.
Quantum interfaces and transduction
Transferring quantum states between matter qubits and photonic channels is inherently fragile: quantum information cannot be copied, and loss or noise directly limits performance. We develop coherent quantum interfaces—including transduction when needed—to move states between platforms while preserving fidelity, enabling scalable networking and distributed architectures.